Clinical analysis of liver dysfunction induced by SHR-1210 alone or combined with apatinib and chemotherapy in patients with advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma / 中华肿瘤杂志

Objective: To investigate the clinical characteristics of abnormal liver function in patients with advanced esophageal squamous carcinoma treated with programmed death-1 (PD-1) antibody SHR-1210 alone or in combination with apatinib and chemotherapy. Methods: Clinical data of 73 patients with esophageal squamous carcinoma from 2 prospective clinical studies conducted at the Cancer Hospital Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences from May 11, 2016, to November 19, 2019, were analyzed, and logistic regression analysis was used for the analysis of influencing factors. Results: Of the 73 patients, 35 had abnormal liver function. 13 of the 43 patients treated with PD-1 antibody monotherapy (PD-1 monotherapy group) had abnormal liver function, and the median time to first abnormal liver function was 55 days. Of the 30 patients treated with PD-1 antibody in combination with apatinib and chemotherapy (PD-1 combination group), 22 had abnormal liver function, and the median time to first abnormal liver function was 41 days. Of the 35 patients with abnormal liver function, 2 had clinical symptoms, including malaise and loss of appetite, and 1 had jaundice. 28 of the 35 patients with abnormal liver function returned to normal and 7 improved to grade 1, and none of the patients had serious life-threatening or fatal liver function abnormalities. Combination therapy was a risk factor for patients to develop abnormal liver function (P=0.007). Conclusions: Most of the liver function abnormalities that occur during treatment with PD-1 antibody SHR-1210 alone or in combination with apatinib and chemotherapy are mild, and liver function can return to normal or improve with symptomatic treatment. For patients who receive PD-1 antibody in combination with targeted therapy and chemotherapy and have a history of long-term previous smoking, alcohol consumption and hepatitis B virus infection, liver function should be monitored and actively managed in a timely manner.

Effect of γδ T cells on the Proliferation, Apoptosis and Autophagy of Multiple Myeloma Cells / 中国实验血液学杂志

AbstractObjective: To investigate the effect of γδ T cells on the proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy of multiple myeloma cells.@*METHODS@#Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMNC) were isolated from healthy volunteers, and stimulated with zoledronic acid (Zol) in combination with rhIL-2. Flow cytometry analysis was used to detected the purity of γδ T cells. γδ T cells were collected and co-cultured with RPMI-8226 or U-266 cells at different effector target ratios. The proliferation of RPMI-8226 or U-266 cell lines were detected by CCK-8. Cell cycle and cell apoptosis were detected by flow cytometry and Western blot．The expressions of autophagy-related proteins were detected by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#γδ T cells can be expanded in vitro. γδ T cells could inhibit the proliferation of RPMI-8226 or U-266 cells, induced cell cycle arrest and promoted apoptosis in an effector target-dependent manner. In addition, γδ T cells could induce autophagy of myeloma cells, inhibited the expression of autophagy-related PI3K, P-AKT and P-mTOR, while increased the expression of AMPK and Beclin-1.@*CONCLUSION@#γδ T cells can inhibit the proliferation of RPMI-8226 and U-266 myeloma cells, induce cell cycle arrest, promote apoptosis, and enhance autophagy in vitro. The mechanism may be related to inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway and/or activation of AMPK/Beclin-1 signaling pathway.

Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry, Pharmacology, Toxicology and Clinical Applications of Radix Astragali / 中国结合医学杂志

Radix Astragali (RA), a traditional Chinese medicine from the dried root of Astragalus species, is widely distributed throughout the temperate regions of the world. The major bioactive constituents of RA are triterpene glycosides, flavonoids, saponins, and alkaloids, and these compounds mostly exert pharmacological activities on the cardiovascular, immune, respiratory, and hepatic systems. This review summarizes the recent studies on RA and provides a comprehensive summary regarding the status of resources, ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, pharmacology, toxicology, clinical application, and patent release of RA. We hope this review can provide a guidance for further development of therapeutic agents from RA.

Inter- and intra-observer variability for the assessment of coronary artery tree description and lesion EvaluaTion (CatLet©) angiographic scoring system in patients with acute myocardial infarction / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Previously, we developed a novel Coronary Artery Tree description and Lesion EvaluaTion (CatLet©) angiographic scoring system, which was capable of accounting for the variability in the coronary anatomy and assisting in the risk-stratification of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Our preliminary study revealed that the CatLet score better predicted clinical outcomes for AMI patients than the Synergy between Percutaneous Coronary Intervention with Taxus and Cardiac Surgery score. However, the reproducibility of the CatLet score in both inter- and intra-observer remains to be evaluated.@*METHODS@#A total of 30 consecutive AMI patients, admitted in September of 2015, were independently assessed by two experienced interventional cardiologists to evaluate the inter-observer reproducibility of the CatLet score. Another set of 49 consecutive AMI patients, admitted between September and October in 2014, were assessed by one of the two interventional cardiologists on two occasions 3 months apart to evaluate the intra-observer reproducibility of the CatLet score. The weighted kappa was used to express the degree of agreement.@*RESULTS@#The weighted kappa values (95% confidence interval) for the intra- and inter-observer reproducibility of the CatLet Score were 0.82 (0.59-1.00, Z = 7.23, P 22). Regarding the adverse characteristics pertinent to lesions and dominance parameters, the kappa values for the inter-observer variability were 0.80 (0.56-1.00, Z = 6.47, P < 0.001) for total number of lesions, 0.57 (0.28-0.85, Z = 3.03, P < 0.001) for bifurcation, 0.69 (0.43-0.96, Z = 5.06, P < 0.001) for heavy calcification, 1.00 (0.72-1.00, Z = 6.93, P < 0.001) for tortuosity, 0.54 (0.26-0.82, Z = 3.78, P < 0.001) for thrombus, 0.69 (0.48-0.91, Z = 6.29, P < 0.001) for right coronary artery dominance, 0.69 (0.41-0.96, Z = 4.91, P < 0.001) for left anterior descending artery length, and 0.22 (0.06-0.51, Z = 1.56, P = 0.06) for diagonal size. Equivalent values for the intra-observer variability were moderate to almost perfect (range 0.54-1.00).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The reproducibility of the CatLet angiographic scoring system for evaluation of the coronary angiograms ranged from substantial to excellent. The high reproducibility of the CatLet angiographic scoring system will boost its clinical application to patients with AMI.

Saposhnikovia divaricata-An Ethnopharmacological, Phytochemical and Pharmacological Review / 中国结合医学杂志

Saposhnikovia divaricata (Turcz.) Schischk., a perennial herb belonging to the family Umbelliferae, is widely distributed in Northeast Asia. Its dried root (Radix Saposhnikoviae) is used as a Chinese herbal medicine for the treatment of immune system, nervous system, and respiratory diseases. Phytochemical and pharmacological studies have shown that the main constituents of S. divaricata are chromones, coumarins, acid esters, and polyacetylenes, and these compounds exhibited significant anti-inflammatory, analgesic, antioxidant, antiproliferative, antitumor, and immunoregulatory activities. The purpose of this review is to provide comprehensive information on the botanical characterization and distribution, traditional use and ethnopharmacology, phytochemistry, and pharmacology of S. divaricata for further study concerning its mechanism of action and development of better therapeutic agents and health products from S. divaricata.

Effect of SARI Overexpression on Apoptosis of CBFL Cells and Its Mechanism / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the effect of SARI overexpression on the proliferation and apoptosis of core binding factor leukemia (CBFL) cells and explore the potential molecular mechanisms.@*METHODS@#C-KIT N822K mutation status in Kasumi-1 cell line was detected by exon 17 sequencing. Then the SARI lentiviral vector (pGC-FU-SARI) was constructed, meanwhile Kasumi-1 cells were transfected with the SARI lentiviral vector. Quantitative PCR and Western blot were employed to identify efficacy of SARI overexpression after the transfection of cells. Cells were divided into three groups, including the cells infected with pGC-FU-SARI (OE group), the cells infected with pGC-FU-GFP (NC group) and the untreated cells (blank control group). Cell proliferative activity was tested by MTT assay, cell apoptosis was measured by flow cytometry (FCM) and the expression of apoptosis-related proteins: BCL-2,BAX,Cyto C,Caspase 9,Caspase 3,cleaved-Caspase 3,PARP and cleaved-PARP as well as PI3K/Akt pathway proteins: PI3K（p85）,p-PI3K（p85）,Akt and p-Akt were detected by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#The Kasumi-1 cells were detected to bear c-KIT N822K (T>A) mutation. The Kasumi-1 cells with SARI was overexpression were construeted successfully. Compared with NC group, the cell proliferation was decreased and cell apoptosis was increased; BCL-2 expression was reduced, BAX expression was enharued; cyto C expression appeared; the expression of Caspase 9 and Caspase 3 was down-regulated, the expression of cleaved Caspase 3 was up-regulated; the PARP expression was decreased, cleaved PARP expression was increased; the phosphorylation level of PI3K/Akt pathway proteins: p-PI3K/PI3K, p-Akt/Akt was down-regulated in OE group (P<0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#SARI gene may suppress the proliferation of CBFL cells, and induce their apoptosis through the mitochondrial pathway, which may be related with the inhibition of PI3K/Akt pathway.

Clinical Analysis and Echocardiographic Evaluation of Paravalvular Leaks After Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement / 中国循环杂志

Objectives: To explore the clinical features and the value of echocardiographic examination of paravalvular leaks after surgical aortic valve replacement. Methods: A total of 123 patients (aged from 12-74 [mean age 45 ± 13] years) hospitalized in our hospital from 2002-03 to 2017-03 because of paravalvular leaks after surgical aortic valve replacement were included in this study. The first operation was performed in our hospital or other hospitals. All patients had a confirmed diagnosis of paravalvular leaks by transthoracic or transesophageal echocardiography. Among them, 28 cases received non-surgical treatment and paravalvular leaks were corrected by reoperation in 95 cases. Results: Diastolic paravalvular regurgitation was detected by color doppler echocardiography in most patients, and dehiscence between the artificial valve and adjacent tissue was evidenced by two-dimensional echocardiography in some patients. The causes of paravalvular leaks, defined by imaging modalities including echocardiography, operative findings and pathological results included: infective endocarditis in 45 patients, Bechet's syndrome in 23 patients, Takayasu arteritis in 4 patients, suspected diagnosis of immune system diseases in 5 patients, aortic dissection in 2 patients, suspected operative technical reasons in 3 patients, and unknown in 41 patients. There were 13 deaths in this cohort, 5 patients gave up the further treatment and self-discharged due to the serious disease conditions. During follow-up, mild degree or above paravalvular leaks were found in 27 patients, 1 patient suffered from heart failure, improvement or recovery were seen in 55 patients.Conclusions: The paravalvular leaks with significant clinical consequence is an important complication after surgical aortic valve replacement, and most patients need to be treated with reoperation. Despite reoperation, the recurrence rate remains high and the prognosis is poor. Infective endocarditis is the most common cause of paravalvular leaks in prosthetic aortic valves, followed by non-specific vasculitis. Echocardiography plays an important role on diagnosis and monitoring in these patients.

Effect of PI3K/Akt/mTOR signal pathway-mediated N822K mutation on apoptosis induced by c-KIT inhibitor in AML cells / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To investigate the effect of c-KIT N822K mutation on the apoptosis of AML cells induced by c-KIT inhibitor and to explore the underlying molecular mechanisms.Methods: Kasumi-1 cells that carry the c-KIT N822K mutation were used as experimental group,and HL-60 and NB4 cells with non-c-KIT N822K mutation were used as control group.These AML cells were treated with 0,0.04,0.16 and 0.64 μmol/L c-KIT inhibitor sunitinib for 24 h,respectively.Apoptosis-related proteins and PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway proteins were detected by Western blot,compared the changes of cell-related signal pathway proteins in each group.Results: With the increase of sunitinib concentration,the expression of apoptosis-related proteins Bax,CytoC,Caspase-9, Actived-Caspase-3 and PARP in HL-60 and NB4 cells were increased (P<0.05),and the expression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 was down-regulated (P<0.01).However,the trend of this change was obviously weakened in Kasumi-1 cells with N822K mutation.In Kasumi-1 cells,the phosphorylation levels of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway proteins such as PI3K,Akt,4EBP1 and mTOR were down-regulated in a dose-dependent manner(P<0.05),but not in HL-60 cells and NB4 cells.Conclusion:The constitutive activation of c-KIT induced by N822K mutation may affect the apoptosis induction of c-KIT inhibitor sunitinib to Kasumi-1 cells,which may be related to the inhibition of PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway.

Study of a novel diagnostic assay for thoracic malignant tumor based on DNA image cytometry / 临床与实验病理学杂志

Purpose To explore the effects of ploidy analysis on thoracic neoplasms based on DNA image cytometry (DNA-ICM), and to look for a meaningful novel diagnostic assay for tumor patients. Methods 4 402 patients who were diagnosed with thoracic disease were recruited in 2 years. By the DNA-ICM analysis, all the specimens were diagnosed as three types——positive, equivocal and negative ones. The results of701 specimens were compared with biopsy and clinical followup. Results DNA aneuploidy detected by DNA-ICM were65％ in confirmed malignant samples, 64％ in equivocal malignancy, and 8％ in non-malignant diseases. The comprehensive performance of DNA-ICM in malignancy was 73％, 93％, 71％, 94％ respectively for sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value and negative predictive value. OR analysis found that the risk ratio of aneuploidy in malignancy was 23.236 compared to non-malignancy. Conclusion DNA-ICM can be applied in thoracic malignancy and have more potential values to be explored in oncology.

Outcomes of Ebstein's Anomaly Patients Treated with Tricuspid Valvuloplasty or Tricuspid Valve Replacement: Experience of a Single Center / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>Background</b>The incidence of Ebstein's anomaly is extremely low, and except for the Mayo Clinic, no cardiac center has reported on a sufficient number of patients. The aim of our study was to report the outcomes of Ebstein's anomaly patients treated with tricuspid valvuloplasty (TVP) or tricuspid valve replacement (TVR).</p><p><b>Methods</b>TVP or TVR was performed in 245 patients from July 2006 to April 2016. We reviewed patients' records and contacted patients via outpatient service and over the telephone.</p><p><b>Results</b>The mean follow-up time was 43.6 ± 32.6 months, and 224 (91.4%) patients underwent follow-up. The mean operative age was 31.2 ± 15.7 years. TVR was performed in 23 patients, and TVP was performed in 201 patients. The 30-day mortality rate was 1.3%, and the overall survival rate was 97.9% at 5 and 10 years. The early mortality rate of the TVP group was lower than that of the TVR group (0.5% vs. 8.7%, P = 0.028), and the overall mortality rate of the TVP group was lower than that of the TVR group, without statistical significance (1.0% vs. 8.7%). After propensity score matching, the rates of mortality and New York Heart Association class ≥ III were lower in the TVP group than those in the TVR group without statistical significance. Seven patients with Type B Wolff-Parkinson-White (WPW) syndrome underwent one-stage surgery, and arrhythmias disappeared. Six patients suffered from episodes of left ventricular outflow tract obstruction (LVOTO) during surgery. Severe LVOTO could be treated with reoperation of the atrialized right ventricle.</p><p><b>Conclusions</b>Ebstein's anomaly patients treated with TVP or TVR can experience optimal outcomes with midterm follow-up. However, TVP should be the first-choice treatment. Optimal outcomes can be obtained from one-stage operation in patients with Type B WPW syndrome. Severe LVOTO during surgery might be related to improper operation of the atrialized right ventricle.</p>

DNA Methylation and Birth Weight: a Genome-wide Analysis / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

The study illustrate the inner correlation between global DNA methylation variation and different birth weights. Infant birth weight was used to identify cases and controls. Cord blood and placentas were collected. We performed DNA methylation profiling of bisulphite-converted DNA. We have identified many differentially methylated CpG sites in experimental groups; these sites involved in hundreds of signalings. Among these, more than ten pathways were referred to the glucose and lipid metabolism. Methylation changes in the insulin-signaling pathway (ISP), adipocytokine signaling pathway (ASP) and MAPK signaling pathway are involved in the fetal programming of diabetes..

Imbalance of Fecal Microbiota at Newly Diagnosed Type 1 Diabetes in Chinese Children / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Recent studies have indicated that an imbalance of gut microbiota is associated with the development of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) and there is no literature regarding it in Chinese children yet. The aim of this study was to evaluate the alteration of gut microbiota between children with newly diagnosed T1DM and healthy controls and to determine if gut microbiota could partly explain the etiology of this disease.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A case-control study was carried out with 15 children with T1DM and 15 healthy children. The fecal bacteria composition was investigated by high-throughput sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rDNA gene and analyzed by the estimators of community richness (Chao) indexes.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>There was a notable lower richness of fecal bacteria in T1DM group than controls (156.53 ± 36.96 vs. 130.0 ± 32.85, P = 0.047). At the genus level, the composition of Blautia was increased in T1DM group than control group whereas the composition of Haemophilus, Lachnospira, Dialister, and Acidaminococcus was decreased. In addition, we found that the percentage of Blautia was correlated positively with HbA1c (ρ = 0.40, P = 0.031), the numbers of T1DM autoantibodies (ρ = 0.42, P = 0.023), and the titers of tyrosine phosphatase autoantibodies (IA-2) (ρ = 0.82, P = 0.000) in the study.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>This study showed that gut microbiota was associated with the development of T1DM by affecting the autoimmunity, and the results suggested a potential therapy for T1DM via modulating the gut microbiota.</p>

Peripheral blood cell factors of Graves ophthalmopathy and effect of intervention with tripterygium glycosides / 中国中药杂志

To explore the effect of tripterygium glycosides on the level of peripheral blood cell factors of Graves ophthalmopathy (GO). In the study, 64 patients of GO in moderate-severe acute stage were selected, and randomly divided into the treatment group (32 cases) and the control group (32 cases). Both of the two groups were provided with basic treatment. The control group was added with prednisone(0. 75 mg kg-1 d-1 ), which gradually reduced (by 5-10 mg week-1 )to the minimum dose of 5 mg d-1. The treatment group was treated with 20 mg tripterygium glycosides, three times a day. One therapy course is three months. The levels of peripheral blood cells(TNF-alpha , IL-2, IL-10, IFN-gamma)of the two groups before and after the treatment and the clinical efficacy were observed. The study indicated that, before the treatment, TNF-alpha, IL-2, IFN-gamma in both groups were significantly higher than that in the health group, but with IL-10 notably lower than the healthy group. After the treatment, TNF-a, IL-2, IFN-gamma in the treatment group significantly decreased, but with IL-10 significantly increasing (P <0. 01). After the treatment, the two groups showed significant difference (P <0. 01). The total clinical efficacy in the treatment group was 88. 10% , and that in the control group was 57. 14% (P <0. 01). After the treatment, the two groups showed significant changes in the exophthalmos degree (P < 0. 01). The results showed that the level of peripheral blood cells (TNF-alpha,IL-2, IL-10, IFN-gamma)of GO patients was positively correlated with the severity of ocular disease. The combined therapy of tripterygium glycosides and methimazole show such advantages as low side effect and high clin-

The clinical comparison of double knee osteoarthritis patients undergoing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty and total knee arthroplasty / 中华外科杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the differences in clinical outcome of double knee osteoarthritis patients undergoing unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) and total knee arthroplasty (TKA).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From May 2009 to May 2012, 30 patients (60 knees) with isolated compartmental osteoarthritis of knees were enrolled. Each patient accepted UKA on one knee, TKA on the other. There were 9 male and 21 female patients, aged from 60 to 79 years, average 69 years. Patients evaluation focused on the hospital for special surgery(HSS) knee score, blood loss, hemoglobin 48 h after the operation, the time of knee being able to flex to 90° and patients' sensation after operation. Collection the UKA side and TKA side data and compare two groups of data.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients were followed up for 13 to 35 months, average 20.5 months. There were no component loosening and revision. HSS knee score improved significantly in both two groups: UKA group was promoted from 61 ± 3 to 87 ± 3 (t = 11.21, P < 0.001) and TKA group from 59 ± 5 to 86 ± 3 (t = 17.64, P < 0.001). Compared with the TKA group, the UKA group had less blood loss (t = 11.56, P < 0.001), and a decrease of hemoglobin 48 h after the operation (t = 12.38, P < 0.001). The dates of knees being able to flex ≥ 90° after operation were less (t = 4.03, P < 0.05) in the UKA group. As to therapeutic effects, 70% patients found that UKA was better than TKA; 16.7% patients had opposite opinion; and 13.3% patients found no differences between their two knees.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>UKA for the treatment of isolated compartmental osteoarthritis of knee shows as well as TKA, and it has less trauma, less blood loss, more rapid postoperative recovery than TKA.</p>

Clinical application of Wallis interspinous dynamic stabilization in treating adjacent segment degeneration (ASD) after lumbar spinal fusion / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate therapeutic effects of Wallis interspinous dynamic stabilization in treating ASD after lumbar spinal fusion.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Totally 40 patients (included 16 males and 24 females, aged 25 to 60 years old) with degenerative disc disease were treated with posterior interbody fusion. Among them, 20 cases (treatment group) were treated with posterior interbody fusion combined with Wallis interspinous dynamic stabilization, while other 20 cases (control group) only treated with posterior interbody fusion. JOA score and VAS score were compared after inserted Wallis interspinous dynamic stabilization at 1 month and 3 years, and changes of intervertebral disc height of adjacent segment and cross-sectional area of the canal were tested and compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients were followed up from 3 to 5 years with an average of 3.6 years. All injuries were healed at stage I and the pain were released after treatment. There were no significant meaning in JOA score and VAS score at 1 month after treatment between two groups (P>0.05), while had meaning at 3 years (P<0.05). There were no statistical significane in intervertebral disc height of adjacent segment and cross-sectional area of the canal at 1 month after treatment (P>0.05), while had statistical meaning at 3 years (P<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>There is no difference in immediate effects between two groups. Both of them can obtain good results for effective decompression. Medial-term effectiveness of treatment group is obviously better than control group, which depends on Wallis interspinous dynamic stabilization to plays good biology effects and effective accelerate adjacent degeneration caused by lumbar fusion.</p>

Expression and significance of stathmin1 in acute leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

This study was aimed to investigate the expression of stathmin1 mRNA and stathmin1 protein in de novo patients with acute leukemia (AL), relapsed patients with AL and complete remission patients with AL, and its clinical significance. The expression of stathmin1 mRNA and stathmin1 protein in peripheral blood samples from 76 cases of AL and 25 healthy persons were examined by fluorescent quantitative PCR (FQ-PCR) and Western blot, respectively. The results showed that the stathmin1 protein expression could not be detected in healthy persons, only the low level of its mRNA could be observed in them. The stathmin1 mRNA expression level in de novo AL patients was higher than that in healthy persons (P < 0.05), the stathmin1 mRNA expression level in relapsed patients with AL was higher than that in de novo patients (P < 0.05), and there was no significant difference of stathmin1 mRNA expression between patients with AML and patients with ALL. The positive rate of stathmin1 protein expression in de novo patients with AL was 89%, while it obviously decreased or did not express in complete remission patients with AL. The stathmin1 protein expression in relapsed patients with AL did not display significant difference as compared with that in de novo patients (P > 0.05). There was no significant difference in stathmin1 protein expression between patients with AML and patients with ALL (P > 0.05). It is concluded that stathmin1 protein and mRNA are overexpressed in de novo patients and relapsed patients, and lowly expressed in complete remission patients. Therefore, the stathmin1 may be a new biological marker for evaluation of minimal residual disease.

Study on identification of Astragali Radix and Hedysari Radix by PCR amplification of specific alleles / 中国中药杂志

To explore the new method of discriminating Astragali Radix and Hedysari Radix by using PCR amplification of specific alleles, 30 samples of the different Astragali Radix materials and 28 samples of Hedysari Radix were collected. The total DNA of all samples were extracted, trnL-trnF sequence from Astragali Radix and Hedysari Radix was amplified by PCR and sequenced unidirectionally. These sequences were aligned by using Clustul W. Primer was designed and the PCR reaction systems including annealing temperature, dNTP, etc were optimized. All samples were amplified by PCR with specific primer, DNA from Astragali Radix would be amplified 136 bp, whereas PCR products from all of Hedysari Radix were 323 bp. This method can detect 10% of intentional Hedysari Radix DNA into Astragali Radix. PCR amplification of alleles can be used to identify Astragali Radix and Hedysari Radix successfully and is an efficient molecular marker for authentication of Astragali Radix and Hedysari Radix.

Safty action of heat shock protein 27 in reperfusion after spinal marrow ischemia / 中国骨伤

Heat shock protein 27 belongs to the heat shock protein family in the small molecular weight family. This review collected a number of literature to analyze the expression meaning and mechanism of HSP27,expounded HSP27 with inhibition of NO production, maintenance of cell protein stability and accelerated cell damage repair function. At the same time, HSP27 also has a resistance to apoptosis, protecting mitochondria, inhibiting activation of nuclear factor and other related functions. The heat shock protein 27 has protection in spinal cord ischemia-reperfusion.

Clinical outcome of patients undergoing emergent coronary artery bypass grafting following failed percutaneous coronary intervention in stent era / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To explore clinical outcomes of patients undergoing emergent coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) following failed percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) in the stent era.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Eleven patients who underwent emergent CABG following failed PCI from January, 2002 to December 2010 were enrolled. The in-hospital follow-up included cardiac deaths, Q-wave myocardial infarction, kidney failure, and cerebrovascular events. The clinical end-point of out-hospital follow-up was the major adverse cardiac events including death, myocardial infarction, and target lesion revascularization.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The patients were (61 ± 5) years old. Coronary angiography showed 5 patients had triple vessel lesions. There were 9 target lesions on left anterior descending artery. There were 3 (27.3%) severe calcified, 4 (36.4%) chronic total occlusion, and 4 (36.4%) diffused long lesions. Reasons for emergent CABG were dissection (n = 5, 45.5%), perforation (n = 3, 27.3%), failure to sufficient predilation (n = 1, 9.1%), acute closure (n = 1, 9.1%) and stent loss (n = 1, 9.1%). The average duration of follow-up was (47 ± 33) months. During in-hospital follow-up, there were 1 (9.1%) cardiac death and 2 (18.2%) Q wave myocardial infarction. During follow-up after hospital discharge, 1 patient (9.1%) died of kidney failure, and there was no rehospitalization due to cardiac events.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Emergent CABG after failed PCI often happened in patients with complex coronary lesions. The long term outcome of patients requiring emergent CABG after failed PCI was favorable in this cohort.</p>

Validation of four different risk stratification models in patients undergoing heart valve surgery in a single center in China / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

<p><b>BACKGROUND</b>Several risk stratification models have been developed for cardiac surgery. This study aimed to evaluate the accuracy of four existing risk stratification models, the Fuwai System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (FuwaiSCORE), the Society of Thoracic Surgeons 2008 cardiac surgery risk model for isolated valve surgery (the STS model), the European System for Cardiac Operative Risk Evaluation (EuroSCORE) and the initial Parsonnet's score (the Parsonnet model) in predicting prolonged intensive care unit (ICU) stay in Chinese patients undergoing heart valve surgery.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Data were collected retrospectively from records of 1333 consecutive patients who received heart valve surgery in a single center between November 2006 and December 2007. Prolonged ICU stay was defined as not less than 124 hours. Calibration was assessed using the Hosmer-Lemeshow (H-L) goodness of fit test. Discrimination was assessed using the receiver-operating-characteristic (ROC) curve area.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The FuwaiSCORE showed good calibration and discrimination compared with other risk models. According to the H-L statistics, the value of the FuwaiSCORE was 12.82, P > 0.1. The area under ROC curve of the FuwaiSCORE was 0.81 (95%CI 0.78 - 0.84).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Our study suggests that the FuwaiSCORE is superior to the other three risk models in predicting prolonged length of ICU stay in Chinese patients with heart valve surgery. Having fewer variables, the system is much easier for bedside use than other systems.</p>